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Sample Researches

Bullying among Public Elementary School Learners

Mardencio Valdez | Published: June 05, 2026

Abstract: This study was conducted to determine the impact of bullying among publicrnelementary school learners of Tagudin District. Specifically, it aimed to identify thernfrequency of occurrence of the various types of bullying, the effects of bullying, thernprobable causes of bullying as perceived by the respondents and the copingrnmechanisms preferred. Comparisons were made according to the variables: gender,rngrade level and average monthly income.rnThe descriptive survey method was employed to obtain the salient informationrnneeded in this study. Data were collected from a total of 1,596 learners distributed inrnthe 21 public elementary schools of Tagudin District using a questionnaire. Statisticalrnanalyses were made using frequency counts, weighted mean and ranking.rnThe study revealed that the overall frequency of occurrence of the differentrntypes of bullying among the respondents fell under the qualitative interpretation ofrn“never.” The most prevalent type of bullying across gender, grade level and averagernmonthly income was verbal bullying while the least was sexual bullying. Thernrespondents also experienced psychological effects of bullying more than thernphysical effects across the variables. Moreover, the three most probable causes ofrnbullying as perceived by the respondents with reference to gender, grade level andrnaverage monthly income were: desire for attention, lack of parental care and warmthrnand influence of peer. The respondents perceived the presented causes to bern“moderately true.” Finally, constructive coping mechanisms were utilized more by thernrespondents than the non-constructive. This was evident across gender, grade levelrnand average monthly income. The overall result indicated that the respondentsrnconsidered the coping mechanisms to be “moderately true.”

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Financial Literacy among Senior High School Teachers

Glenn Guira | Published: June 05, 2026

Abstract: Financial literacy or financial knowledge (Huston, 2010), is essential for everyone which doesrnnot exclude public school teachers. Financial literacy permits teachers to manage theirrnfinances wisely and possess the aptitude to appreciate the wisdom of handling money. Therndescriptive-correlation study investigated the financial literacy of the senior high schoolrnteachers of the Schools Division Office of Ilocos Sur of the Department of Education. Itrninvolved 315 senior high school teachers utilizing a financial literacy questionnaire to obtainrnthe extent of their financial literacy. Frequency, percentage, mean and Pearson correlationrnwere employed to analyze data. Significant findings revealed that most of the senior highrnschool teachers are early adults, most are females, mostly bachelor’s degree holders withrnmasteral units, mostly assigned as Teacher II, earning PhP 20,000-25,000, and have attendedrn0-1 training in financial literacy. Likewise, the senior high school teachers have moderaternextent of financial literacy. In addition, it was discovered that insurance is influenced by age,rnand that living within means and investments are both influenced by sex. The researcherrnstrongly recommends the adoption/use of the long-term financial literacy program amongrnsenior high school teachers, the creation of a position of financial literacy coordinator perrnpublic school and to strengthen financial awareness to different financial products and servicesrnavailable to them.

Keywords: Financial Literacy, Correlation Research, Senior High School Teachers

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Enhancing the Solving-Skills on Stoichiometry through Collaborative and Problem-Based Package among Senior High School Students

Evangeline Alvaro | Published: June 05, 2026

Abstract: The utmost objective of teaching at any level of instruction is tornprepare the learner in acquiring crucial skills for application in real-life situations.rnIn the teaching and learning environment, lesson comprehension could dependrnlargely on instructional stratagems (Gill, 2020). This study aimed at improving thernability of learners to solve problems involving stoichiometry, using thernCollaborative and Problem-Based Learning Package. Senior high schoolrnchemistry students in the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematicsrn(STEM), of the school year 2018-2019 of Cervantes National High School werernthe respondents of the research. Specifically, the researcher used the truernexperimental two-group design. A mean difference of 10.84 for the experimentalrngroup revealed a greater improvement compared to the mean difference of therncontrol group equal to 8.14. Moreover, the t-test result showed a significantrndifference in the post-test scores of the control and experimental group. Thernfindings implied that the strategy applied improved the performance of students.rnThus, the researcher recommends the use of the learning package on subjectsrninvolving number manipulations and calculations as it showed a constructivernimpact on the aptitude of learners in dealing with stoichiometry.

Keywords: Collaborative and Problem-based Learning Package, Teaching Strategies, Stoichiometry, Innovative Learning, Problem Solving

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Solving The Phonemic Difficulties of Readers-at-Risk Among Grade I Learners Through Reading Intervention Program

Janice Abon | Published: June 05, 2026

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Improving the Conceptual Understanding and Procedural Skills of Grade 6 Learners in Integers through Localized Activities

Yolanda Casia | Published: June 05, 2026

Abstract: This study sought to improve the skills of the Grade 6 Pupils of CabuloanrnElementary School, Sta. Catalina District of Ilocos Sur in their conceptualrnunderstanding and procedural skills of integers through localized activities for thernschool year 2019-2020. The learners should be taught the mathematical skills possiblernin the most interesting way through varied strategies in teaching and learningrnrnsituations where they could apply their knowledge and skills. There should be a well-rnorganized plan of activities. One of the techniques used by the teachers in teachingrnrnmathematics is the integration of games in their lessons. The researcher used thernexperimental design. Data were collected through the use of a questionnaire adoptedrnfrom Rubin et al, (2014) in assessing the learners’ conceptual understanding andrnprocedural skills on integer concepts through the use of various localized activities.rnThis study used pre-test and post-test which required 21 Grade VI pupils. The datarnwas analyzed and interpreted using the frequency, mean, gain ratio and t-test. It wasrnfound out that the overall performance of the learners before and after their exposurernto the localized activities were upgraded from fair to excellent. The intervention usedrnby the teacher-researcher was effective in improving the level performance of thernlearners in understanding the concepts of integers. It concluded, among others, thatrnusing localized activities give better teaching learning outcomes so that learners willrnengage more on hands on representations to understand better the concepts ofrnintegers.rnThe researcher recommends that mathematics teachers should designrnappropriate teaching strategies that will effectively improve the leaners conceptualrnrn(3)rnrnunderstanding and procedural skills on concepts of integers. There should be morernvivid discussions on the rules of integers. Exposed learners in various localizedrnactivities that will enhance their skills on integers. Mathematics teachers should attendrnmore seminars and trainings on the latest teaching methods and strategies in teaching.rnTeachers should see to it that the teaching techniques should match the learning stylernof the learners for a better result of conceptual understanding and procedural skills onrnintegers.

Keywords: LOCALIZED ACTIVITIES, INTEGERS, MATHEMATICAL SKILLS, LOCALIZATION, CONTEXTUALIZATION,

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Health and Wellness Program in the Workplace of Schools Division Office, Dagupan City

Marissa Perez | Published: June 05, 2026

Abstract: The study focused on the health and effectiveness program of Schools Division \r\nOffice, Dagupan City. It sought to identify the level of awareness on the various \r\nprograms implemented, the most frequently experienced illness, and the distribution of \r\nthe clinical chemistry of the teaching and non-teaching personnel. The study utilized the \r\ndescriptive method as the research methodology. The main instrument used in data \r\ngathering is a questionnaire prepared by the researcher. As to the results of the study, \r\nmajority of the teaching and non-teaching personnel are within the age bracket of 31-40 \r\nyears old, female, married, and have obtained academic requirement in their Masteral \r\nStudies. Most of them are aware on the importance of taking vitamins and anti-oxidants. \r\nThey are also aware on the negative effects of smoking and the dangers brought by \r\nexposure to x-rays or radiation. They are also willing to take natural nutritional \r\nsupplement. The most frequently experienced illness are headaches/migraines, muscle \r\npain, health blood pressure, uric acid levels and weight gain. The recommendation of \r\nthe study includes the creation of the data base system of teaching and non-teaching \r\npersonnel for easy access and update of information. Moreover, the regular conduct of \r\nGAD related health symposium and training is desired by the respondents.

Keywords: Health Wellness Illness

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Enhancing Mathematics Performance of Intermediate Learners Through Individual Accordion Number Organizer

Maritess Vicente | Published: June 05, 2026

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of individual accordion number chart \r\nin enhancing the mathematical ability of the Grade IV and Grade V pupils of Lidlidda South \r\nCentral School, School Year 2016 – 2017. There were 11 Grade V and 19 Grade IV pupils.\r\nSpecifically, it sought answers the level of mathematical ability of the respondents on \r\nthe pretest and posttest; the significant difference on the levels of mathematical ability \r\nbetween the pretest and posttest of the study; and the percentage of the results from the \r\npretest and posttest of the study.\r\nA teacher-made test was used in gathering data. The mean, standard deviation, \r\ncoefficient of variation, t-test, and gain percentage were used as statistical tools to treat the \r\ndata collected.\r\nBased on the results, the following findings are hereby presented: the mean scores\r\nof the students during the pre-test is 8.73 while 22.53 in the posttest; the computed t-value of\r\n22.94 is greater than the tabular value of 2.04 at 0.05 level of significance with 29 degrees of \r\nfreedom; and the percentage gain obtained in the results of pre-test and posttest of the study \r\nwas 66.99 percent.\r\nBased on the findings of the study, the following conclusions are made: the \r\nmathematical ability of the Grade IV and Grade V pupils improved from Needs Improvement \r\nto Very Satisfactory; there is a significant difference in the levels of mathematical ability of \r\nGrade IV and Grade V pupils between the pre-test and posttest of the study; and the use of \r\nindividual accordion number chart is effective in enhancing the mathematical ability of Grade \r\nIV and Grade V pupils of Lidlidda South Central School.\r\nBased on the conclusions, the following recommendations are given: the school \r\nadministrators should encourage and finance teachers to attend seminars, trainings and\r\n2\r\nworkshops in mathematics regarding different and innovative intervention materials which \r\nthey could use in enhancing the mathematical ability of the pupils; the school administrators \r\nshould be sensitive and knowledgeable in the needs of the pupils, teachers and the school in \r\ninnovating and formulating curriculum especially in the Mathematics subject through closed \r\nand rigid supervision of the students, teachers and other school related factors;\r\nMathematics teachers should introduce and use innovative and different instructional \r\nmaterials like individual accordion number chart to get and boost the interest of the learners \r\nin studying mathematics; Mathematics teachers should be resourceful and creative enough\r\nin preparing and presenting their activity drills using an innovative IMs; Mathematics\r\nteachers should learn and consider the individual differences as well the weaknesses and \r\nstrengths of the pupils for them to know what strategies and principles to be applied in their \r\nteaching; Mathematics teachers and other subject teachers should be encouraged to\r\nconduct a classroom study/research to find solutions and answers to the problems in \r\nteaching-learning process; conducting an action research with two groups of respondents \r\nshould be studied separately and not as one, thus action should also be done separately to \r\nrecognize/value the differences of the two groups intellectually, emotionally and socially; the \r\npupils are encouraged to use individual accordion in their drills in their different subjects to \r\nenhance their individual capacity; and future researchers should conduct the same study to \r\nother grade levels to test the effectiveness of individual accordion number chart

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Improving the Competence of Grade-7 Learners along Operations on Rational Numbers using Boyboy Stick Model

Bryan Hidalgo, Leo Madayag | Published: June 05, 2026

Abstract: Indigenous materials in Mathematics teaching increase students’ motivation andrnachievement levels (Aguinaldo & Domingo, 2019). They are very useful in teaching Mathematicsrncompetencies that are difficult to learn. Performing operations on rational numbers has alwaysrnbeen one of the least learned competencies. Having poor background on this learningrncompetency poses problems in performing operations on algebraic expressions and otherrncompetencies in higher Mathematics. This research made use of indigenous teaching material,rnparticularly boyboy stick model to improve the competence level along operations on rationalrnnumbers of grade-7 learners of Burgos National High School in La Union during the school yearrn2019-2020. To assess the effectiveness of boyboy stick model, pre-test and post-test werernadministered to the control and experimental groups. The mean percent score and t-test werernused for data analysis. Post-test results showed that there was an improvement in therncompetence levels of both the control and experimental groups; however, the grade-7 learnersrnwho used the boyboy stick model have significantly achieved better as compared to theirrncounterparts. The boyboy stick model provided a good visual representation for rational numbersrnthat simplified the processes of performing the operations on these numbers. The boyboy stickrnmodel was effective in improving the competence level of learners along operations on rationalrnnumbers. It is recommended that it will be used as an intervention material in teaching thernoperations on rational numbers.

Keywords: Basic Operations, Rational Numbers, Boyboy Stick Model, Intervention Material, Indigenous Materials, Manipulatives

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Improving The Laboratory Skills In Chemistry Of Grade 7 Students Through Virtual Laboratory Simulation Approach

Imelda Gironella | Published: June 05, 2026

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Utilization of a Validated Workbook In Improving the Problem Solving Proficiency of Intermediate Grades

Jhoanne Lomboy, Flordiliza Estepa | Published: June 05, 2026

Abstract: This study was conducted to determine the problem solving proficiency of \r\nGrade V learners of Tumapoc Elementary School, Burgos District, Division of La Union \r\nafter exposing them the crafted validated workbook. It used the quasi-experimental \r\nresearch design since it determined causal relationships by applying a treatment or \r\ncondition to one group and comparing the outcome. Seventeen (17) Grade V learners \r\nwere the respondents. In treating the gathered data the mean, percent mean score and \r\ndependent t-test were used. It found that in the pre-test the learners have very low \r\nproficiency in solving word problems. In the post-test, however, the learners have an \r\naverage proficiency. It was concluded that the learners experienced difficulty in solving \r\nproblems because they are not fully equipped with the needed mathematical skills. \r\nNevertheless, the crafted validated workbook increased the problem solving proficiency \r\nof the learners. It was recommended that the crafted validated workbook should be \r\nadopted by elementary school teachers in Burgos District and other schools in the \r\nprovince as an additional learning material to address the weaknesses of the learners in \r\nsolving word problems in mathematics 5.

Keywords: Problem Solving Proficiency, Creating Word Problem, Multi-step word problem, routine word problems, non-routine word problems, and problem solving

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